A machine derived from the road, performing a complete demolition of a part of the layer thanks to one or more cutting blades. It loads the coal onto a conveyor that crosses the front as needed.

Fitting to the soil of the products extracted and transported.

Installation to conduct water from one basin to another.

Hydroelectric Central by water (see Hydroelectric Central to Water), which uses flows derived from its inflows, which are restored downstream of the plant.

Energy that results from the conversion of primary energy (then qualified as secondary rather than derivative energy) or other derived energies.

A section of a bed downstream of the water intake in which the flow is substantially reduced due to its use for the production of energy.

Located work near the hydraulic installations to remove the sand transported by natural waters from the water of exploration, with the objective of avoiding damages in the hydraulic works and in the driving machines.

General Direction of Energy and Geology.

Part of the incident solar radiation from all directions (except the solar disk) after diffusion into the atmosphere (molecules, aerosols, clouds) and possible reflections on the earth's surface (soil, sea, trees, buildings, etc.)

An equipment that allows the anaerobic fermentation of the biomass (see Anaerobic Fermentation).

Volume variations (contractions and dilations) of a compressed sample of coal when progressively heated under certain conditions.

Part of the incident solar radiation from the solar disk without change of direction.

Axis of delimitation of a natural surface, for example the surface of a layer, in relation to the horizontal plane.

Distribution of consumption by use, by sector, by geographic entity, by form of energy, etc., with a more or less detailed level of detail depending on the degree of balance sheet breakdown.

Startup of the content of the ladders in relation to the massif.

Installation and disposal for the exploitation of a lode in a massif.

Industrial production of alcohol production.
Note: For ethanol production, there are autonomous distilleries that convert all input biomass to alcohol, or associated distilleries, for example, to sugar factories.

Calculated as the sum of supplier costs, non-strategic investments, personnel costs, gross taxes, voluntary contributions to the community.

Turnover less net operating income, current income tax and dividends.

Generic term that indicates the proportion of different calibers present in a product.